The costs of wind turbine installation include notably:
• Foundations
• Road construction
• Underground cabling within the wind farm
• Low to medium voltage transformers
• medium to high voltage substation (sometimes)
• Transport, craning
• Assembly and test
• Administrative, financing and legal costs
These cost elements typically account for some 16%-32% of total investments in a wind
project. The geography in terms of site accessibility and the geotechnical conditions on the site of the wind farm obviously plays a crucial role in determining the cost of road construction, cabling and so on.

Generally speaking, there are economies of scale in the construction of wind farms, both in terms of the total size of the wind farms (the number of turbines sharing a common substation and sharing development and construction costs) – and in terms of the size of turbines. Larger turbines generally have comparatively lower installation costs per swept rotor areas, and the cost of a number of wind turbine components such as electronic controllers, foundations and so on varies less than proportionately with the size of the wind turbine.

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