Definitions of Osmotic power on the Web:

• Osmotic power or salinity gradient power is the energy retrieved from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. …
  en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_power

Definitions of osmotic power plant on the Web:

• Osmotic power or salinity gradient power is the energy retrieved from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. …
  en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_power_plant

Osmotic power facts:

Osmotic power production utilises the osmotic pressure difference between fresh water and sea water.

Osmotic power has a great potential compared to other new renewable energy sources.
Energy production from osmotic power is stable and predictable.

Osmotic power is an environment-friendly energy source: CO2-free, area efficient compared to other renewable energy sources, gentle environmental impact, and with a potential for green certificate.

The process of osmotic power
When the mixing of fresh water and sea water is carried out by controlling the pressure on the saltwater side, the process is called pressure retarded osmosis (PRO). A simplified PRO process diagram is shown below.

Fresh water is fed into the plant, where it enters the membranes. In the membrane modules the fresh water is transferred by osmosis through the membranes into the pressurized sea water. The osmotic process increases the volumetric flow of high pressure water and is the key energy
transfer in the plant. Sea water is pumped from the sea and fed into the membranes, where it is diluted by the fresh water entering through the membrane.
Environmental aspects
The mixing of sea water and fresh water is a process that occurs in all river outlets in the world, and because rivers often run into the ocean in cities or other industrialized areas, most of the osmotic power potential can be utilized in urban areas.
Osmotic power plants can be constructed partly or completely underground, thus allowing
them to play a discrete role in the local environment. The water management processes associated with operation of the plant can be designed without affecting the biotopes of the river, river outlet and sea. In addition, osmotic power plants are very area efficient compared to other renewable energy sources.

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